Jahangeer Ganaie
Srinagar, Feb 17: Fruit growers in Kashmir are seriously concerned as experts warn that the prolonged dry spell and rising temperatures may trigger early sprouting of flowers, which would ultimately affect both the quality and quantity of fruit production.
Experts said that the continuous lack of rainfall and snowfall this winter has heightened worries among farmers. They said the early rise in temperatures, combined with insufficient soil moisture could severely impact fruit-bearing trees, especially apple orchards.
“Prolonged dryness reduces soil moisture, which is crucial for healthy flowering and fruit-setting. Any disruption at this stage could lead to lower yields and affect the overall quality of the fruit,” they said.
Dr Parvez, a scientist at SKUAST Srinagar, said that, as of now, the situation remains manageable, but any continued dryness beyond February 20, coupled with further temperature rise, could lead to premature flowering and poor fruit-setting.
“If early flowering occurs and is followed by erratic spring weather, including sudden rainfall or snowfall, pollination will be disrupted, which will lead to a significant drop in fruit production,” Dr Parvez said.
Another expert from the Department of Botany at the University of Kashmir said that adequate chilling hours are crucial for proper bud formation. If trees do not receive sufficient cold exposure, bud development will be adversely affected, leading to reduced flowering and lower fruit yield, he said.
The lack of rainfall has also lowered the water table, creating concerns for irrigation. Since most orchards in Kashmir depend on rainwater, the prolonged dryness could further affect fruit quality.
According to experts, frost conditions at night could also damage new fruit plantations, particularly saplings in both lower and upper hills. They said dry weather may further increase the risk of pest infestations, making fruit trees more vulnerable to diseases.
Growers across Kashmir are anxious, fearing heavy losses due to flower shedding in spring, which could reduce fruit yield.
Dr Tariq, another scientist at SKUAST, said, “While dryness and warm weather have certain advantages—such as reduced fungal diseases—these conditions also favour insect pests and can lead to deficiencies affecting fruit size, colour and overall quality.”
He advised, “Prolonged heat exposure can cause sunburn on fruits and tree stems. To mitigate these effects, farmers should focus on increasing organic matter in the soil, which helps retain moisture. Mulching can also help regulate temperature and protect roots.”
Notably, Jammu and Kashmir has witnessed an 80% rainfall deficit over the past several months. If the dry spell continues, experts warn of not only agricultural losses but also an impending shortage of drinking water.
