From waste sheds to working systems

The decision of the Jammu & Kashmir government to put a dedicated mechanism in place for the operation and maintenance of Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM) segregation sheds is a necessary correction to a familiar problem, i.e. creating infrastructure without ensuring that it can function sustainably. Waste segregation sheds were established across the Union Territory with the objective of strengthening local waste management, but several reportedly became unattended, with garbage accumulating around them because funds, manpower and collection mechanisms were inadequate. The proposed allocation of 10 per cent of district Capex for these facilities can address one of the most important gaps is regular operational funding. The Rs 4.5 crore allocation for Baramulla and the commencement of tendering indicate that the policy is moving beyond an announcement towards implementation. The real test, however, will be whether every shed receives timely funding, adequate manpower and a reliable system for collection, segregation and disposal. Equally important is the admission that some sheds were established at unsuitable locations, including near water sources. Corrective action in such cases cannot be limited to shifting structures. Environmental considerations must become an essential part of planning future waste infrastructure. A segregation facility that creates a risk of contaminating a water source defeats the very purpose of a sanitation programme. The government must also ensure transparency in the utilisation of the earmarked funds and establish clear responsibility for maintenance. Panchayati Raj Institutions can play a crucial role in monitoring these facilities, but their responsibilities should be matched with resources and technical support. Ultimately, sanitation cannot be sustained through infrastructure and government expenditure alone. Waste segregation at source, regular collection and responsible disposal require community participation. Citizens, local bodies and government agencies must share responsibility. The new policy therefore needs to be viewed not simply as a funding arrangement, but as an opportunity to build a functioning, accountable and environmentally responsible rural waste-management system across J&K.